# Summary of K2 Program GO13006

Title: The effect of wide binaries on planet occurrence - K2 Campaigns 12 and 13

PI: Deacon, Niall R (University of Hertfordshire)
CoIs: Kraus, Adam L; Mann, Andrew Withycombe

We plan to observe a sample of wide binaries spread across the K2 fields to constrain the effect of wide multiplicity on planet occurrence and to provide benchmark systems for gyrochronology.

Science Goal 1: Probe the effect of wide multiplicity on planet occurrence. Wide companions are common in the field; Raghavan et al (2010) found that >20% of solar-type stars have a companion wider than 100 AU. Any link between planet occurrence and wide multiplicity will have a significant effect on the number of habitable planets in the Galaxy. We propose to test the disruption of planetary systems caused by a wide companion proposed by Kaib et al. (2013).  In this theory, wide companions interact with field stars and are sent into elliptical orbits bringing them close to their primary star, possibly close enough to disrupt a planetary system. This could eject planets from the system or provide an instigator for migration, moving giant planets closer to their parent star. In Deacon et al. (2016) we showed that wide binarity does not affect the occurrence rate of P<300 day planets around FGK stars. We plan to expand this to M dwarfs using K2 data. Over the course of the next two years we will target approximately 1000 stars across the 10 K2 fields yielding approximately 20 planets. This will allow us to measure the occurrence of short period planets around stars in wide binaries and to test whether this deviates significantly from the field population. This will constrain the potential systematic bias on planet occurrence rates caused by multiplicity. Kepler has already been used to accurately measure the rotation periods of thousands of stars. 

Science Goal 2: Wide binary systems contain stars which are physically isolated from each other yet share common metallicity and age. This means that the stars in these systems can be used to test age relations, which should give similar ages for both components. 

We have used the proper motion catalogue produced by Kraus et al. (2014) based on the methods of Kraus & Hillenbrand (2007) including proper motions, estimated spectral types and distance moduli from SED fitting. We have selected objects with significant (>5 sigma) proper motions above 30 mas/yr. From these we selected pairs of widely separated objects with common proper motion and distance.  To remove contamination due to coincident pairings of unrelated field stars, we plotted a histogram of pair separations similar to the one we constructed for previous fields. From this we will select pairs which lie in the region dominated by true physical pairs. Field 11's low latitude means that the coincident pairing rate is too high to select any true common proper motion binaries, but field 12 and 13 are rich with identifiable wide binary systems.

# Targets requested by this program that have been observed (144)
EPIC ID, RA (J2000) [deg], Dec (J2000) [deg], magnitude, Investigation IDs
200173855, , , , GO13006_LC|GO13023_LC|GO13025_LC|GO13039_LC|GO13047_LC|GO13077_LC|GO13122_LC
200173860, , , , GO13006_LC|GO13019_LC|GO13023_LC|GO13039_LC|GO13047_LC|GO13077_LC
200173883, , , , GO13006_SC|GO13023_SC|GO13025_SC|GO13039_SC|GO13047_SC|GO13077_SC|GO13122_SC
210545633, 67.694983, 16.148696, 6.435, GO13012_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13002_LC|GO13023_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13024_LC|GO13077_LC|GO13039_LC|GO13019_LC|GO13903_LC
210548567, 67.640136, 16.194012, 4.814, GO13047_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13023_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13025_LC|GO13077_LC|GO13039_LC
210643901, 66.66807, 17.585395, 14.604, GO13049_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13902_LC|GO13904_LC
210648673, 67.070167, 17.650109, 14.312, GO13006_LC|GO13902_LC|GO13904_LC
210648987, 66.636209, 17.654634, 15.907, GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13902_LC|GO13904_LC
210652965, 67.904595, 17.709779, 9.43, GO13008_LC|GO13049_LC|GO13064_LC|GO13071_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13002_LC|GO13023_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13077_LC|GO13039_LC|GO13090_LC|GO13023_SC
210653579, 67.871133, 17.71866, 11.226, GO13008_LC|GO13049_LC|GO13010_LC|GO13071_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13023_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13098_LC
210664191, 67.376461, 17.863163, 6.85, GO13012_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13002_LC|GO13023_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13024_LC|GO13077_LC|GO13036_LC|GO13039_LC|GO13019_LC|GO13903_LC|GO13012_SC
210666330, 67.381695, 17.893185, 9.046, GO13008_LC|GO13012_LC|GO13064_LC|GO13071_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13023_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13024_LC|GO13077_LC|GO13039_LC|GO13083_LC|GO13090_LC|GO13903_LC|GO13012_SC
210688884, 66.105542, 18.204296, 15.35, GO13006_LC|GO13902_LC|GO13904_LC
210755553, 66.647622, 19.194291, 14.859, GO13014_LC|GO13049_LC|GO13002_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13036_LC|GO13015_LC|GO13902_LC|GO13904_LC
210840577, 66.743465, 20.487762, 13.531, GO13049_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13002_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13036_LC
210864136, 65.23503, 20.840567, 13.215, GO13049_LC|GO13123_LC|GO13002_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13036_LC|GO13050_LC
210864873, 65.232971, 20.852754, 13.962, GO13049_LC|GO13123_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13050_LC
210871016, 66.904524, 20.944139, 14.418, GO13008_LC|GO13064_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13011_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13077_LC|GO13073_LC
210889539, 64.708747, 21.22776, 13.711, GO13049_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13050_LC
210890292, 64.74213, 21.239533, 12.865, GO13049_LC|GO13071_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13050_LC
210899890, 66.604345, 21.38879, 14.604, GO13049_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13050_LC
210915310, 65.30949, 21.630185, 14.95, GO13008_LC|GO13014_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
210915987, 65.316143, 21.640549, 14.601, GO13014_LC|GO13049_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13002_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13036_LC|GO13050_LC
210945848, 66.030952, 22.118869, 10.579, GO13008_LC|GO13049_LC|GO13064_LC|GO13123_LC|GO13071_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13023_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13077_LC|GO13050_LC|GO13090_LC
210949810, 65.989221, 22.181605, 14.001, GO13008_LC|GO13064_LC|GO13123_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13023_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13077_LC|GO13073_LC|GO13090_LC
210987763, 66.549314, 22.781814, 15.013, GO13006_LC
246629568, 72.868566, 13.630817, 12.449, GO13049_LC|GO13071_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13006_LC
246630583, 72.843944, 13.645547, 14.821, GO13049_LC|GO13006_LC
246706772, 67.917579, 14.658507, 11.67, GO13049_LC|GO13006_LC
246707227, 72.010764, 14.664359, 14.225, GO13006_LC
246707369, 72.0036, 14.666136, 15.068, GO13002_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13036_LC
246708058, 71.537818, 14.674779, 15.83, GO13006_LC
246708878, 70.949513, 14.684535, 11.023, GO13014_LC|GO13049_LC|GO13071_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13002_LC|GO13006_LC
246709862, 70.946469, 14.695929, 14.989, GO13014_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
246720329, 71.489858, 14.824613, 15.874, GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
246722096, 71.476732, 14.845729, 11.836, GO13049_LC|GO13123_LC|GO13071_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13006_LC
246728202, 72.159604, 14.921942, 9.778, GO13071_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13024_LC|GO13052_LC
246730216, 72.173457, 14.946146, 12.089, GO13049_LC|GO13071_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13006_LC
246741058, 74.545587, 15.075113, 13.168, GO13049_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13006_LC
246749027, 70.794999, 15.168439, 15.661, GO13006_LC
246749667, 70.802866, 15.175706, 13.732, GO13049_LC|GO13006_LC
246755252, 69.246448, 15.239496, 14.042, GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
246757104, 69.229301, 15.261182, 7.234, GO13071_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13024_LC|GO13019_LC|GO13903_LC
246763825, 71.203077, 15.339867, 13.445, GO13049_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13006_LC
246775534, 72.755857, 15.474234, 12.029, GO13049_LC|GO13071_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13006_LC
246776134, 72.75793, 15.480942, 11.676, GO13071_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13024_LC
246779591, 77.479649, 15.518761, 13.023, GO13049_LC|GO13123_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13006_LC
246781785, 76.879167, 15.543225, 14.219, GO13006_LC
246795385, 67.66204, 15.691878, 5.472, GO13047_LC|GO13023_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13077_LC|GO13039_LC|GO13019_LC
246799202, 67.645329, 15.733985, 8.808, GO13008_LC|GO13049_LC|GO13071_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13002_LC|GO13023_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13024_LC|GO13077_LC|GO13039_LC|GO13090_LC|GO13903_LC
246813055, 68.773006, 15.879211, 15.006, GO13049_LC|GO13006_LC
246815662, 78.726159, 15.906477, 14.255, GO13006_LC
246822607, 77.451086, 15.979858, 15.67, GO13006_LC
246832232, 73.443603, 16.080452, 15.201, GO13006_LC
246842739, 69.059284, 16.18718, 12.579, GO13049_LC|GO13071_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13006_LC
246896319, 76.775468, 16.71827, 14.724, GO13006_LC
246927045, 78.056823, 17.017412, 12.872, GO13049_LC|GO13071_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13006_LC
246927419, 68.823869, 17.020634, 13.787, GO13049_LC|GO13002_LC|GO13006_LC
246936571, 78.017462, 17.108735, 15.159, GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
246947582, 71.863352, 17.213176, 15.012, GO13049_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
246951112, 74.168538, 17.247183, 15.842, GO13006_LC
246951412, 74.163823, 17.250116, 15.393, GO13006_LC
246952808, 68.095226, 17.263469, 14.24, GO13049_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
246954029, 68.082215, 17.274934, 10.259, GO13071_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13002_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13065_LC|GO13024_LC|GO13036_LC|GO13903_LC
246977382, 75.312154, 17.504903, 12.657, GO13049_LC|GO13071_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13006_LC
246977598, 70.702377, 17.506832, 13.069, GO13014_LC|GO13049_LC|GO13123_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13002_LC|GO13006_LC
246978205, 70.711483, 17.512482, 15.432, GO13014_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
246989075, 70.370865, 17.616935, 13.742, GO13049_LC|GO13123_LC|GO13006_LC
247006469, 74.149954, 17.78433, 15.378, GO13006_LC
247007055, 74.156874, 17.789474, 12.243, GO13049_LC|GO13123_LC|GO13071_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13002_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13036_LC
247029659, 74.132513, 17.999869, 13.797, GO13014_LC|GO13049_LC|GO13123_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
247029935, 74.122723, 18.002377, 8.941, GO13014_LC|GO13071_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13002_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13065_LC|GO13903_LC
247042358, 72.554207, 18.121184, 15.087, GO13049_LC|GO13006_LC
247042514, 72.566279, 18.122797, 9.93, GO13071_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13052_LC|GO13903_LC
247061217, 70.971525, 18.300974, 13.454, GO13049_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13006_LC
247064866, 74.202922, 18.335321, 15.744, GO13014_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
247065446, 74.200626, 18.340702, 13.905, GO13014_LC|GO13123_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13002_LC|GO13006_LC
247082144, 73.689069, 18.497293, 14.923, GO13014_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
247082590, 73.68724, 18.501347, 14.706, GO13014_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13002_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13036_LC
247120019, 72.805323, 18.860043, 15.741, GO13006_LC
247120615, 72.798665, 18.866019, 10.218, GO13049_LC|GO13071_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13006_LC
247146225, 73.862045, 19.111176, 15.714, GO13006_LC
247153132, 79.08932, 19.177379, 12.758, GO13049_LC|GO13123_LC|GO13071_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13006_LC
247177762, 71.220128, 19.412077, 13.126, GO13006_LC
247178327, 79.334636, 19.417246, 15.567, GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
247191367, 70.602671, 19.542432, 14.218, GO13049_LC|GO13006_LC
247204373, 80.046521, 19.665736, 13.736, GO13049_LC|GO13123_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
247240175, 70.852516, 20.004585, 13.118, GO13049_LC|GO13123_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13006_LC
247272453, 71.799598, 20.302855, 15.899, GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
247275487, 74.317033, 20.32985, 13.051, GO13049_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13006_LC
247276331, 71.687702, 20.337517, 15.396, GO13049_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
247282010, 79.57497, 20.389744, 15.484, GO13006_LC
247282879, 78.996451, 20.397981, 14.509, GO13049_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
247325244, 78.538565, 20.773688, 14.502, GO13049_LC|GO13006_LC
247326323, 78.568014, 20.783124, 11.625, GO13049_LC|GO13006_LC
247378401, 74.700692, 21.221552, 15.876, GO13006_LC
247390260, 72.015876, 21.317363, 13.727, GO13049_LC|GO13123_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13006_LC
247390488, 72.019733, 21.319329, 15.186, GO13006_LC
247411204, 72.813971, 21.487247, 15.576, GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
247465216, 69.733935, 21.925132, 13.177, GO13049_LC|GO13123_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13050_LC
247504840, 68.727412, 22.232506, 11.555, GO13049_LC|GO13123_LC|GO13071_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13050_LC
247508660, 73.596374, 22.261935, 14.065, GO13049_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13050_LC
247512778, 68.250349, 22.293859, 13.723, GO13049_LC|GO13123_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13050_LC
247562983, 70.652349, 22.678732, 15.127, GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
247563398, 69.584333, 22.681927, 15.719, GO13002_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13036_LC
247574639, 69.202722, 22.769893, 13.077, GO13049_LC|GO13123_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13002_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13036_LC|GO13050_LC
247594927, 68.289153, 22.92542, 14.093, GO13006_LC
247594986, 68.292169, 22.925877, 13.431, GO13002_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13036_LC
247602001, 75.790107, 22.979446, 15.677, GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
247602303, 75.790574, 22.98171, 14.615, GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
247654180, 73.150199, 23.372473, 12.384, GO13049_LC|GO13071_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13050_LC
247707919, 71.570194, 23.768888, 14.868, GO13006_LC
247713687, 70.204446, 23.80962, 8.922, GO13008_LC|GO13071_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13023_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13024_LC|GO13077_LC|GO13039_LC|GO13083_LC|GO13090_LC|GO13903_LC
247750919, 71.842068, 24.06849, 14.564, GO13049_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
247756037, 70.976334, 24.104733, 14.564, GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
247758321, 70.979099, 24.121204, 14.476, GO13018_LC|GO13002_LC|GO13006_LC
247771113, 73.502796, 24.209406, 13.854, GO13049_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13002_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13019_LC
247771193, 73.506298, 24.21006, 13.711, GO13006_LC
247773801, 70.432387, 24.22753, 15.512, GO13014_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
247777283, 73.501889, 24.252091, 14.667, GO13006_LC
247818626, 71.263105, 24.537529, 14.322, GO13006_LC
247818982, 71.25689, 24.539907, 12.583, GO13006_LC
247879059, 66.848095, 24.95013, 13.429, GO13049_LC|GO13123_LC|GO13006_LC
247879789, 66.847131, 24.95511, 14.991, GO13006_LC
247896800, 74.826351, 25.07078, 15.407, GO13006_LC
247924034, 66.608261, 25.262012, 13.462, GO13049_LC|GO13123_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
247928891, 75.665382, 25.295266, 15.806, GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
247939230, 66.255913, 25.367422, 15.3, GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
247940615, 67.990342, 25.377062, 15.394, GO13006_LC
247992384, 66.2951, 25.749177, 8.582, GO13014_LC|GO13012_LC|GO13071_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13002_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13024_LC|GO13039_LC|GO13052_LC|GO13903_LC|GO13012_SC
247992416, 66.281884, 25.749409, 13.579, GO13014_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
247993800, 66.259617, 25.759711, 14.14, GO13049_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
248047074, 73.89807, 26.16097, 10.353, GO13071_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13024_LC|GO13903_LC
248048221, 73.906897, 26.169724, 13.967, GO13049_LC|GO13006_LC
248048849, 74.423254, 26.174668, 13.538, GO13049_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13002_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13036_LC
248063439, 73.491637, 26.289934, 14.803, GO13006_LC
248072596, 73.265966, 26.363542, 14.265, GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
248101699, 71.134414, 26.596888, 14.697, GO13006_LC
248103945, 71.153355, 26.615769, 10.514, GO13049_LC|GO13071_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13006_LC|GO13903_LC
248187225, 73.140843, 27.36071, 15.009, GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
248187381, 73.169184, 27.36225, 13.565, GO13049_LC|GO13123_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
248227048, 74.320027, 27.741601, 12.922, GO13049_LC|GO13123_LC|GO13071_LC|GO13018_LC|GO13122_LC|GO13006_LC
248234759, 74.343882, 27.81884, 15.176, GO13018_LC|GO13006_LC
248240014, 74.131033, 27.871915, 12.783, GO13123_LC|GO13006_LC